Composition
Rule of third: a technique designed to help photographers build drama and interest in a picture. Guidelines are used forming a 3 by 3 grid on the image.
Triangular composition: guidelines on a photograph that resembles a triangle so that the focus of the picture is within the triangle.
Negative space: the space surrounding something/someone.
Camera settings
ISO: International Standardisation Organisation
Low ISO value = low light sensitivity and high image quality
High ISO value = high light sensitivity, lower image quality
The main ISO values are:
- 100 or 200 for photographing in sunny conditions
- 400 or 800 for photographing in cloudy conditions or dusk/dawn
- 1600 or higher is suited to low light conditions e.g. night photography, darkened rooms
Aperture: the aperture adjusts the size of the opening through which light passes to the image sensor.
As the f.stop value increases, the opening is halved.
Eg
The main f.stop values are 2.8, 4.0, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32
Shutter speed: measured in fractions of a second. Shutter speed is the is the timing and duration of opening and closing of the shutter curtain at the back of the camera. A fast shutter speed will freeze action while slower speed creates blurring effect.
The main shutter speed values are 1/1000, 1/500, 1/250, 1/125, 1/60, 1/30, 1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2
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